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WHAT IS SLUDGE FROM WATER TREATMENT? Generally, it contains biosolids removed from liquid sewage. Sludge thickening is important because it is the process used in wastewater treatment centers to increase the solids concentration and decrease the free water. This step minimizes the load on the downstream processes,such as sludge dewatering and digestion. There's more to this process of course , and this article highlights how sludge thickening works and its general impact, as well as effective groundwater treatment solutions. HOW SLUDGE THICKENING WORKS? There are various processes used in sludge thickening.Each depends on the downstream process, the size of the wastewater plant, and the physical limitations associated with it. Gravity thickening involves using specially designed circular tanks that concentrate thin sludges to a more-dense sludge product.The limitation of this form of clarification water treatment is that it works mostly for the excess wat

An incinerator is an industrial tool used in the treatment of munincipal-solid waste which uses a process of waste combustion to create electricity. This process is also known as waste-to-energy, but it is not without its hazards. Although the process of controlled combustion of waste is beneficial in that it reduces the amount of waste that ends up in a landfill, there are numerous environmental implications of using an incinerator to dispose of waste. These include the release of airborne toxins from burning plastics and metals, the contamination of food and water in the area the incinerator is in use and it inadvertently hinders the prevention of waste that could otherwise reduce the amount of toxic materials combusted for fuel. Waste-to-Energy : Environmental Impact In theory, waste-to-energy is a beneficial method for the production of electricity that does not require fossil fuels. However, the process is rife with negative externalities. In other words, the process has

Executive Summary Sludge drying bed (SDB) is the most widely used method for sludge dewatering.Sludge drying involves natural ways of drying to mechanical ways of removing water content.SDB is generally used for small and medium sized communities.The selection of the technology will depend upon land availability,climatic factors,the quantity and composition of the sludge.The construction of this is usually undertaken with civil structure.               Advantages                                                                                       1.Easy to operate                                                   2.No electrical energy required                              3. Organic content can be used as fertilizers                                                                                                                                                                            Disadvantages 1.Requires stabilised sludge to prevent nuisa

They are facing a problem as the wastewater getting black color after aeration and the sludge is not settling in the settling tank thereafter.Also there is a huge odour occurred in the aeration tank now. What will be the reason for this and what will be the solution ? Recommendation  It means you have increased the organic load to your aeration tank as a result there is shortage of oxygen in the aeration tank. This can be checked by measuring DO in the aeration tank and should be about 1.5 to 2 mg/l. A) Please check for malfunctioning of Aeration system fouled membranes etc. B) You can improve the situation by cutting down load to the aeration tank by reducing the flow or the inlet BOD concentration or by adding more air to the aeration tank. C) Ensure that you are not dumping some chemical like food preservative,detergent,oil or off spec product in the waste water system as this can increase the ETP load. It will take  about 4 to 8 hours to restore, if you balance the

Fossil Fuel Thermal Power Plants account for more than 70% power generation in India.Primarily Coal-based Thermal Power Plants (TPPs) dominate the Power Scenario with nearly 55% of overall power generation share.With the recent hike in Coal prices or in general fossil fuels including Petrol- there is no other time better than now to look at Alternative options. There are mainly 2 issues with Coal-Availability and Cost. Coal availability is forcing Indian Power Cos. to look at imported coal and overseas mine acquisitions. Even this looks far from solving the issue as seen in case of Tata's Mundra power project where the Indonesian Govt. increased taxes on Coal expert. Despite demands from the Power Company to renegotiate Power Purchase Agreement terms the State Government is reluctant to give in. Central Government is trying to do its bit by reducing duty on imported coal but then International coal prices are on an upswing. The recent attempt by the Central Government to arm twi

In order to return nutrients to the soil that have been lost in the harvest, it needs to be fertilised , and this should be done with organic fertilisers,as opposed to artifical fertilisers,which are supplementary. Organic fertiliser contains living creatures ( microorganisms) that break down the components of the soil and make them accessible to the plant.Organic fertilizer also affects the maintenance of temperature levels in the soil by absorbing and accumulating solar radiation,which ensures that the soil warms up better and earlier, and crops can be sown earlier. Organic fertiliser makes the soil looser,creating space for the air necessary for soil microorganisms to work.Loose soil absorbs and retains moisture better,which is important in areas with little rainfall. Organic fertiliser as an end product of the biogas plant has many positive qualities compared to the liquid and solid manure form in which it entered the plant. The intensity of unpleasant smells is reduce

Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide ,with traces of ammonia,hydrogen,nitrogen,hydrogen sulphide,carbon monoxide and water vapour.It is the only renewable source of energy suitable both for generating electricity and heat energy and for producing gas and liquid fuels. Biogas is obtained with the help of methane-generating bacteria which assist in the process of breaking down the material without the presence of oxygen (anaerobic digestion). This process goes on in nature, in ponds and swamps, in the digestive tracts of ruminants and also under controlled conditions in the fermentation tanks of biogas plants. Anaerobic digestion is a common method for processing the waste from the livestock industry ( liquid and solid manure), yielding electrical and heat energy and high-quality fertiliser. By producing biogas through anerobic digestion, less of the methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) resulting from the disposal and use of manure are produced. We have already

The seemingly endless stream of biomedical waste management in India has necessitated the Ministry of Environment,Forest and Climate Change to amend and enforce the 'parent rules' of 2016 The safe and sustainable management of bio medical waste (BMW) is social and legal responsibility of all people supporting  and financing health-care activities. Effective BMW management (BMWM) is mandatory for healthy humans and cleaner environment.As per the act passed by the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 1986 & notified the Bio Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules in July 1998,it is the duty of every "occupier",i.e a person who has the control over the institution or its premises,to take all steps to ensure that waste generated is handled without any adverse effect to human health and environment. Salient Features : The major salient features of BMW Management Rules,2016 include the following :- (a) The ambit of the rules  has been expanded to incl